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Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer and Cancer Immunotherapy Publisher Pubmed



Kacimi SEO1 ; Moeinafshar A2, 3, 4 ; Haghighi SS3, 4, 5 ; Saghazadeh A5, 6 ; Rezaei N4, 6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
  2. 2. Cancer Immunology Project Interest Group (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology Published:2022


Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a clinical disease that includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Amongst its underlying risk factors, cancer is of great importance. Stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability result in clot formation and VTE. Cancer can affect coagulability by favoring these three factors, resulting in VTE incidence. Immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic approach, targeting cancer by immune system enhancement. VTE is one of the most important adverse effects of immunotherapy, which complicates the administration of immunotherapy in cancer patients. The current review provides a brief overview of VTE epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, biomarkers, the relationship of cancer and cancer immunotherapy to VTE incidence, and managing cancer-associated VTE. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
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