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Immunologic Aspects of Migraine: A Review of Literature Publisher



Salahi M1 ; Parsa S2 ; Nourmohammadi D3 ; Razmkhah Z4 ; Salimi O5 ; Rahmani M6 ; Zivary S7 ; Askarzadeh M8 ; Tapak MA2 ; Vaezi A9 ; Sadeghsalehi H10 ; Yaghoobpoor S3 ; Mottahedi M11 ; Garousi S11 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Salahi M1
  2. Parsa S2
  3. Nourmohammadi D3
  4. Razmkhah Z4
  5. Salimi O5
  6. Rahmani M6
  7. Zivary S7
  8. Askarzadeh M8
  9. Tapak MA2
  10. Vaezi A9
  11. Sadeghsalehi H10
  12. Yaghoobpoor S3
  13. Mottahedi M11
  14. Garousi S11
  15. Deravi N3
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Student Research Committee, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  7. 7. Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Source: Frontiers in Neurology Published:2022


Abstract

Migraine headaches are highly prevalent, affecting 15% of the population. However, despite many studies to determine this disease's mechanism and efficient management, its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. There are suggested hypotheses about the possible mediating role of mast cells, immunoglobulin E, histamine, and cytokines in this disease. A higher incidence of this disease in allergic and asthma patients, reported by several studies, indicates the possible role of brain mast cells located around the brain vessels in this disease. The mast cells are more specifically within the dura and can affect the trigeminal nerve and cervical or sphenopalatine ganglion, triggering the secretion of substances that cause migraine. Neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurokinin-A, neurotensin (NT), pituitary adenylate-cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), and substance P (SP) trigger mast cells, and in response, they secrete pro-inflammatory and vasodilatory molecules such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a selective result of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion. This stress hormone contributes to migraine or intensifies it. Blocking these pathways using immunologic agents such as CGRP antibody, anti-CGRP receptor antibody, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)/interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) axis-related agents may be promising as potential prophylactic migraine treatments. This review is going to summarize the immunological aspects of migraine. Copyright © 2022 Salahi, Parsa, Nourmohammadi, Razmkhah, Salimi, Rahmani, Zivary, Askarzadeh, Tapak, Vaezi, Sadeghsalehi, Yaghoobpoor, Mottahedi, Garousi and Deravi.
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