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Recent Trends in Disposal and Treatment Technologies of Emerging-Pollutants- a Critical Review Publisher



Khan NA1 ; Khan SU2 ; Ahmed S1 ; Farooqi IH2 ; Yousefi M3 ; Mohammadi AA4 ; Changani F5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Civil Engineering Department, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
  2. 2. Civil Engineering Department, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, India
  3. 3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry Published:2020


Abstract

Recently pharmaceuticals are emerging as a major source of pollution for the environment. It has been well observed that the effluent discharge from hospitals has an eminent quantity of chemical waste as antibiotics, disinfectants and other treatments wastes. Pharmaceutical effluents are bioactive and their existence in the environment has been found harmful to both aquatic life and humans. In developing countries, untreated wastewaters are discharged to local water bodies by just following the local regulations. The current global challenges including high population growth rate and climate change have contributed to the widespread epidemics and emergence of diseases. Besides intractable and decaying antibiotic system, hospitals emit pathogenic waste during treatment process that can lead to situations where a total ban on hospital effluent are needed, for instance in multiple cases where discharge lead to strain on nature and quality of water. In case of pharmaceutical residues, it has been observed that only 18–32% of the pharmaceutical residues could be degraded by the secondary treatment of these seven technologies and it has been increased to 30–65% by tertiary treatment. As far as the pharmaceutical residues are concerned, it has been observed that MBR removes the residues with the efficiency of 28–100%, varying for each pharmaceutical. This paper reviews the existing treatment processes, their advantages and future perspective of this emerging area. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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