History, Introduction, and Types of Quantum Dots Publisher



Bakhshi A ; Naghib SM
Source: Published:2025

Abstract

The concept of quantum dots (QDs) traces back to the 1980s when researchers discovered that the properties of semiconductors could be manipulated by reducing their size to the nanoscale. Since then, extensive research has been conducted to understand and harness the unique properties of QDs for various applications. The size of QDs is on the order of a few nanometers (1-10 nm), which leads to quantum confinement effects. These effects arise from the confinement of electrons and holes within the nanocrystal, resulting in discrete energy levels. As a result, QDs exhibit size-dependent optical and electronic properties, such as tunable absorption and emission wavelengths, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and excellent color purity. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.