Neurophysiology of Visual Perception Publisher



Mayeli M^{1, 2, 3}
Source: Biophysics and Neurophysiology of the Sixth Sense Published:2019

Abstract

As the richest sensory modality in human beings, vision and visual perception have always been the center of attention for numerous studies. In this chapter, we aim to put together the scattered literature on human visual perception and investigate the magnificent act of transforming a two-dimensional optical input into a three-dimensional reconstruction of the world outside. Herein, the literature is reviewed regarding various aspects of this perceptual phenomenon, starting with a brief introduction toward the neuroanatomical properties of the visual system and proceeding to central regions and pathways in charge of modifying and directing the visual input to pass through the three-dimensional perceptual operations. We move forward by investigating various aspects of object recognition including the perception of form, space, and motion. Moreover, important processes of adaption and gaze control are discussed in the section regarding the role of eye movement in forming perception. Considering the high evolutionary value of face perception, a separate section is dedicated to studying this aspect. After an overall evaluation of neural coding and the constructive nature of visual perception, we conclude with a section on computer vision and future directions. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.