Interaction Between Chitosan and Chloroquine Against Plasmodium Berghei and P. Falciparum Using In-Vivo and In-Vitro Tests Publisher



Momenfam F¹ ; Nateghpour M^{1, 2} ; Haghi AM¹ ; Farivar L¹ ; Mohebali M¹ ; Hajjaran H¹ ; Etemadi S¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Iranian Journal of Parasitology Published:2021

Abstract

Background: The use of antimalarial drugs with number of compounds in combi-nation form may potentiate each other's activity. Methods: This study was conducted in the School of Public Health, Tehran Univer-sity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018. It was based on two methods includ-ing in vivo and in vitro tests with aim of considering interaction between chitosan and chloroquine against Plasmodium berghei and P. falciparum parasites using different ratios of the agents with ED50s and IC50s baselines. Results: Administrating 10 and 20 mg/kg (mouse body weight) of chitosan alone to the P. berghei –infected mice up to 4 successive days resulted in 37% and 45% inhibi-tion of P. berghei respectively, while employing the compound with chloroquine in combination form with ratios of 90/10 and 70/30 (chloroquine/chitosan) had a considerable potentiation including 71.58% and 83.85% inhibition effectiveness against P. berghei. Moreover, 20 mg/L (CCM) concentration of chitosan alone could eliminate 69.55% of P. falciparum in culture medium while in combination with chlo-roquine in ratios of 90/10 (chloroquine/chitosan) had considerable potentiation including 79.14% inhibition effectiveness. Mean survival time of those mice received combination therapy in ratios of 90/10 and 70/30 (chloroquine/chitosan) was long-er than those took up mono therapy of either chloroquine or chitosan based on their ED50s doses. Conclusion: Interaction between chloroquine and chitosan showed considerable potentiation in combination form against either P. berghei or P. falciparum using in vivo and in vitro tests respectively. Meanwhile, interaction between the above mentioned agents resulted in a notable survival time for those P. berghei-infected mice treated with the combination. © 2021 Momenfam et al.