Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Evaluating the Response of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia to Topical Immunotherapy Publisher Pubmed



Ghanbari H ; Masoumi A ; Samadi M ; Naghshtabrizi N ; Aminizade M ; Montazeriani Z ; Khodaparast M ; Montazeri F ; Ghassemi H
Source: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Published:2026

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in OCTA parameters in patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) during treatment with topical interferon α-2b (IFN-α2b). Methods: Thirty-five patients who were diagnosed with OSSN were included in this study. All the patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including slit lamp examination, and the size of the lesion was recorded by slit lamp photography. All the patients received topical IFN-α2b (1 million IU/ml, 4 times a day). OCTA images of the ocular surface were obtained at three time points: before initiation of treatment, during treatment, and at tumor resolution. Vessel density (VD), Vessel length density (VLD), and Vessel diameter index (VDI) were measured in superficial and deep vascular flows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.4 ± 15.7 years. The mean tumor area was 20.7 ± 23.6 mm2 at presentation, which decreased to 15.1 ± 21.8 mm2 during treatment. Mean time to resolution was 112.4 ± 62.1 days. The mean superficial VD decreased significantly in the course of treatment (36.3%± 6.8% at presentation, 33.1%±7.5% during treatment, and 30.5%±4.9% after tumor resolution, P < 0.05). Mean superficial VDI also decreased significantly in the course of treatment (1.87 ± 0.16 at presentation, 1.83 ± 0.13 during treatment, and 1.74 ± 0.1 after tumor resolution, P < 0.05). No significant change was observed in deep VD, deep VDI, superficial and deep VLD. Conclusion: OCTA can be used successfully to evaluate vascular changes in OSSN during medical treatment. Superficial VD and superficial VDI might be useful to evaluate treatment response to topical treatment. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.