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The Effect of Acetyl-L-Carnitine (Alcar) on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Animal Models: A Systematic Review Publisher Pubmed



Pourshahidi S1 ; Shamshiri AR2 ; Derakhshan S3, 4 ; Mohammadi S5 ; Ghorbani M6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Cancer Preclinical Imaging Group, Preclinical Core Facility, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran

Source: Neurochemical Research Published:2023


Abstract

Peripheral neuropathies caused by the peripheral nervous system (PNS) damage can occur due to trauma and other disorders. They present as altered sensation, weakness, autonomic symptoms, and debilitating pain syndrome with a wide range of clinical signs. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) is a biological compound with essential roles in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and anti-oxidant effects that protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and inhibits apoptosis caused by mitochondrial damage. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of ALCAR on peripheral nerve injuries. This review examines studies on treating traumatic peripheral neuropathies in which ALCAR is administered to rats with sciatic nerve injury with an appropriate control group. The articles were divided based on the mode of ALCAR administration. If one method was used in more than one article, their results were entered in the “Revman5.4” software and were meta-analyzed. Studies were selected from 1994 to 2018 on rats with varying physical injuries to their sciatic nerves. In one study, ALCAR was provided to rats in their drinking water, while in other studies, ALCAR was injected intra-peritoneally. Different mechanisms of ALCAR actions have been suggested in this study, but the underpinnings of the neuroprotective effects of ALCAR are still unclear. Further studies are mandatory to clarify the actual mechanisms of the neuroprotective activity of ALCAR. Based on the results of existing studies, ALCAR effectively increases the tolerance threshold of thermal and mechanical stimuli, reduces latency, and reduces apoptosis; finally, adjusting the dose and duration of administration may increase the dose and duration axon diameter. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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