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Organic Peroxides in Transition-Metal-Free Cyclization and Coupling Reactions (C-C) Via Oxidative Transformation Publisher



Rezaeifard A1 ; Doraghi F2 ; Akbari F3 ; Bari B2 ; Kianmehr E2 ; Ramazani A4 ; Khoobi M1, 6 ; Foroumadi A1, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14176-14411, Iran
  2. 2. School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14174-66191, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751-05, Sweden
  4. 4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 11141-33314, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 11141-33314, Iran

Source: ACS Omega Published:2025


Abstract

Transition-metal-free transformations are recognized as green and sustainable methods for constructing carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. This review describes the application of six organic peroxides, including tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), dialauroyl peroxide (DLP), and diguyl peroxide (DCP), in C-C bond construction, highlighting selected examples and mechanisms of challenging transformations. Each section concludes with a detailed overview of suitable reagents for various coupling reactions and strengths and weaknesses of the reported works. This work aims to inspire further innovations in transition-metal-free oxidative transformations, promoting sustainable and eco-friendly chemical processes and paving the way for new peroxide-based organic synthesis methods. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
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