Serum 25 Oh Vitamin D3 Levels and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Neonates; [ن 3 هیدروکسی ویتامین د-25 سطح سرمی نار]



Rezaei N ; Hajian M ; Mohammadi Z ; Kordkhayli MM ; Daliri S ; Mohammadi M
Source: Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Published:2025

Abstract

Background and Aim: Acute respiratory distress syndrome is one of the leading causes of mortality in newborns. Studies have shown that 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 has a significant effect on fetal lung development and can be associated with acute respiratory distress. The present study aimed to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels with acute respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a case-control study in which 105 premature infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome as the case group and 35 premature infants without acute respiratory distress syndrome as the control group were selected from the neonatal intensive care unit at Bahar Hospital (Shahrood, Iran) in 2019-2021. Then, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were measured 24 hours after birth in both infants and their mothers. Results: The mean serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in infants and mothers were 19.53±10.71 and 28.57±15.26 ng/ml, respectively. The mean serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in infants in the case group were 15.27±7.08 ng/mL, and in the control group, they were 32.34±9.53 ng/mL. The mean length of hospitalization in infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome with 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency was longer than in infants with normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Additionally, 12.5%, 71.9%, and 78.1% of infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome and 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency required a ventilator, surfactant, and continuous positive airway pressure. Conclusion: Based on the findings, infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome had a higher 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency than healthy infants. Also, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 clinical interventions, including surfactant administration, mechanical ventilation, and continuous positive airway pressure ventilation, were more common in infants with 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency. © 2025 Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.