Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Associated With Medications for Movement Disorders: A Narrative Review Publisher



M Salari MEHRI ; P Ziaeefar PARDIS ; B Rezaei BEHANDOKHT ; A Alikhani ALIREZA ; Mr Pourani Mohammad REZA ; T Dashti TERIFEH ; M Etemadifar MASOUD ; F Abdollahimajd FAHIMEH
Source: Iranian Journal of Dermatology Published:2024

Abstract

Movement disorders are characterized by either an excess of movement or a deficiency in voluntary and automatic movements. Medications prescribed for these disorders can lead to a range of cutaneous adverse events. This study provides a comprehensive review of such cutaneous reactions. Our objective is to evaluate the cutaneous adverse reactions associated with medications used to treat movement disorders. We conducted a search of medical databases using relevant keywords and assessed studies that detailed specific drug-related cutaneous complications. We categorized movement disorders into two main types: hypokinetic and hyperkinetic. In the context of hypokinetic movement disorders, we examined various treatment modalities, including dopaminergic agents, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors, monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, anticholinergics, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitors, amantadine, and deep brain stimulation. We also evaluated the associated cutaneous adverse reactions of these treatments. We also reviewed the cutaneous complications associated with medications used to treat hyperkinetic disorders, including antipsychotics, antiepileptics, mood stabilizers, botulinum toxins, clonidine, guanfacine, cyclobenzaprine, baclofen, orphenadrine, chelators, beta-blockers, and anti-dementia drugs. Various types of cutaneous adverse events have been reported with these medications. It is essential for all physicians, particularly general practitioners and neurologists, to be aware of these complications, especially severe adverse events such as angioedema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.