Radiographers' Perspectives on Interactions With Patients Exhibiting Cognitive Impairment and Dementia During Magnetic Resonance Imaging Examinations Publisher Pubmed



Hanley S ; Mcentee MF ; Murphy P ; Young R ; England A ; Albeshan SM ; Elhaie M
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences Published:2026

Abstract

Background Dementia and cognitive impairment are prevalent among older adults and present significant challenges during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, particularly regarding compliance, communication, and procedural adaptations. Despite MRI’s central role in diagnosing neurodegenerative disorders, limited research has examined radiographers’ experiences with this vulnerable patient group. Objective To quantitatively investigate radiographers’ interactions with patients exhibiting dementia or cognitive impairment during MRI examinations, focusing on procedural barriers, adaptations, and implications for patient care. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the MRI department of a tertiary public hospital in Ireland. Eight state-registered MRI radiographers completed structured questionnaires ( n = 20 patient encounters) immediately following examinations of patients with documented or observed cognitive impairment or dementia. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were used to analyze procedural outcomes, communication effectiveness, and modifications implemented. Results Patients had a mean age of 77 years (range 65–89). Cognitive status was undocumented on referral in 85% of cases and most often identified via ward communication (50%). Only 25% of patients fully comprehended instructions, with 75% unable to cooperate. Procedural modifications were required in 30% of cases, primarily reduced scan duration and motion correction. Examination disruptions included incompleteness (25%) and abortion (15%). Patient distress was observed before (10%), during (30%), and after (15%) scanning. Radiographers employed strategies such as increased communication and interaction, though no carers were present during scans. Conclusion Radiographers face substantial challenges in managing MRI examinations for patients with dementia or cognitive impairment, including poor referral documentation, communication barriers, and frequent procedural disruptions. Findings highlight the need for dementia-friendly protocols, environmental adaptations, carer involvement, and targeted radiographer training to optimize diagnostic quality and patient-centered care. Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc.