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A Comparison of the Effects of Chlorhexidine and Sodium Bicarbonate Mouthwashes on Covid-19-Related Symptoms Publisher



Karami H1 ; Aarabi A2 ; Hayrabedian A3 ; Hajhashemi V4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Operating Room Department, Research Center of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Some studies have reported that mouthwashes can decrease the viral load in the mouth, but there is not much information about the effectiveness of mouthwashes on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study was conducted to compare the impact of using two types of mouthwash, chlorhexidine and sodium bicarbonate, on COVID-19 symptoms and infection. Materials and Methods: The present three-group, double-blind clinical trial examined 116 operating room nurses and anesthesia personnel of certain hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups: intervention group 1 (chlorhexidine mouthwash), intervention group 2 (sodium bicarbonate mouthwash), and the control group (placebo). Mouthwash was used twice a day (morning and night) for 2 weeks. The participants were monitored in terms of COVID-19-related symptoms for 4 weeks, from the first day of mouthwash use. Results: Fisher's exact test indicated a significant difference between the chlorhexidine and control groups in terms of the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the symptoms of COVID-19 between the groups, but the groups were significantly different in terms of all symptoms at a 4-week interval (p = 0.04). Furthermore, headache was less observed in the chlorhexidine (p = 0.007) and sodium bicarbonate (p = 0.03) groups compared to the control group. Conclusions: The use of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash can decrease the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in health-care workers. In addition, this mouthwash can partially reduce the symptoms of this disease in comparison to the control and sodium bicarbonate groups. © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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