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An Open Access Database for the Evaluation of Heart Sound Algorithms Publisher Pubmed



Liu C1 ; Springer D2 ; Li Q1 ; Moody B3 ; Juan RA4, 5 ; Chorro FJ6 ; Castells F5 ; Roig JM5 ; Silva I3 ; Johnson AEW3 ; Syed Z7 ; Schmidt SE8 ; Papadaniil CD9 ; Hadjileontiadis L9 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Liu C1
  2. Springer D2
  3. Li Q1
  4. Moody B3
  5. Juan RA4, 5
  6. Chorro FJ6
  7. Castells F5
  8. Roig JM5
  9. Silva I3
  10. Johnson AEW3
  11. Syed Z7
  12. Schmidt SE8
  13. Papadaniil CD9
  14. Hadjileontiadis L9
  15. Naseri H10
  16. Moukadem A11
  17. Dieterlen A11
  18. Brandt C12
  19. Tang H13
  20. Samieinasab M14
  21. Samieinasab MR15
  22. Sameni R14
  23. Mark RG3
  24. Clifford GD1, 4
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  2. 2. Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  3. 3. Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
  4. 4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
  5. 5. ITACA Institute, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  6. 6. Service of Cardiology, Valencia University Clinic Hospital, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
  7. 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
  8. 8. Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
  9. 9. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  10. 10. Department of Mechanical Engineering, K N Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. MIPS Laboratory, University of Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
  12. 12. Hospital University of Strasbourg, Mulhouse, France
  13. 13. Faculty of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
  14. 14. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
  15. 15. Department of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Physiological Measurement Published:2016


Abstract

In the past few decades, analysis of heart sound signals (i.e. the phonocardiogram or PCG), especially for automated heart sound segmentation and classification, has been widely studied and has been reported to have the potential value to detect pathology accurately in clinical applications. However, comparative analyses of algorithms in the literature have been hindered by the lack of high-quality, rigorously validated, and standardized open databases of heart sound recordings. This paper describes a public heart sound database, assembled for an international competition, the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology (CinC) Challenge 2016. The archive comprises nine different heart sound databases sourced from multiple research groups around the world. It includes 2435 heart sound recordings in total collected from 1297 healthy subjects and patients with a variety of conditions, including heart valve disease and coronary artery disease. The recordings were collected from a variety of clinical or nonclinical (such as in-home visits) environments and equipment. The length of recording varied from several seconds to several minutes. This article reports detailed information about the subjects/patients including demographics (number, age, gender), recordings (number, location, state and time length), associated synchronously recorded signals, sampling frequency and sensor type used. We also provide a brief summary of the commonly used heart sound segmentation and classification methods, including open source code provided concurrently for the Challenge. A description of the PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2016, including the main aims, the training and test sets, the hand corrected annotations for different heart sound states, the scoring mechanism, and associated open source code are provided. In addition, several potential benefits from the public heart sound database are discussed. © 2016 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.
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