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Effects of Narrow-Base Walking and Dual Tasking on Gait Spatiotemporal Characteristics in Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Injured Adults Compared to Healthy Adults Publisher Pubmed



Mazaheri M1, 2 ; Negahban H3 ; Soltani M4 ; Mehravar M4 ; Tajali S4 ; Hessam M4 ; Salavati M5 ; Kingma I1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  2. 2. Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Physical Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  4. 4. Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Published:2017


Abstract

Purpose: The present experiment was conducted to examine the hypothesis that challenging control through narrow-base walking and/or dual tasking affects ACL-injured adults more than healthy control adults. Methods: Twenty male ACL-injured adults and twenty healthy male adults walked on a treadmill at a comfortable speed under two base-of-support conditions, normal-base versus narrow-base, with and without a cognitive task. Gait patterns were assessed using mean and variability of step length and mean and variability of step velocity. Cognitive performance was assessed using the number of correct counts in a backward counting task. Results: Narrow-base walking resulted in a larger decrease in step length and a more pronounced increase in variability of step length and of step velocity in ACL-injured adults than in healthy adults. For most of the gait parameters and for backward counting performance, the dual-tasking effect was similar between the two groups. Conclusions: ACL-injured adults adopt a more conservative and more unstable gait pattern during narrow-base walking. This can be largely explained by deficits of postural control in ACL-injured adults, which impairs gait under more balance-demanding conditions. The observation that the dual-tasking effect did not differ between the groups may be explained by the fact that walking is an automatic process that involves minimal use of attentional resources, even after ACL injury. Clinicians should consider the need to include aspects of terrain complexity, such as walking on a narrow walkway, in gait assessment and training of patients with ACL injury. Level of evidence: III. © 2016, European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).
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