The Expression of Th1- and Th2-Related Chemokine Receptors in Women With Recurrent Miscarriage: The Impact of Lymphocyte Immunotherapy Publisher Pubmed



Kheshtchin N¹ ; Gharagozloo M^{1, 2} ; Andalib A¹ ; Ghahiri A³ ; Maracy MR⁴ ; Rezaei A¹ Show Affiliations
Source: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology Published:2010

Abstract

Problem: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses prior to the 20th week of gestation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of T helper (Th)1- and Th2-related chemokine receptors on CD4+ T helper and CD8+ T cytotoxic (Tc) cells in RM and control subjects. The effects of lymphocyte immunotherapy on the balance of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 chemokine receptors were further evaluated in RM women. Method of study: The expression of Th1-related (CCR5 and CXCR3) and Th2-related (CCR3 and CCR4) chemokine receptors on CD4+ or CD8+ T cells from RM women were analyzed and compared with controls using flow cytometry. The expression of chemokine receptors in RM women was also compared before and after lymphocyte immunotherapy. Results: The ratios of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 chemokine receptors were higher in RM women compared to controls. The ratio of Th1/Th2 chemokine receptors was decreased in RM women after immunotherapy, while no significant change was identified in the Tc1/Tc2 after immunotherapy. Conclusion: This study indicates the Th1 dominant immune responses in circulation of RM women compared to controls. Moreover, lymphocyte immunotherapy might influence pregnancy outcome via a shift in the balance of the Th1/Th2 chemokine receptors. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.