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Effects of Three Types of Oil Dispersants on Biodegradation of Dispersed Crude Oil in Water Surrounding Two Persian Gulf Provinces Publisher Pubmed



Zolfagharibaghbaderani A1, 2 ; Emtyazjoo M2, 3 ; Poursafa P4 ; Mehrabian S5 ; Bijani S1, 2 ; Farkhani D6 ; Mirmoghtadaee P7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Iranian Offshore Oil Company, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Environment Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Oil Industry Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Journal of Environmental and Public Health Published:2012


Abstract

Objective. To determine the most effective and biodegradable dispersant of spilled oil in water surrounding two Persian Gulf provinces. Methods. This study compared the effects of three dispersants, Pars 1, Pars 2, and Gamlen OD4000 on removal of oil in two Persian Gulf provinces water. Overall, 16 stations were selected. Using the Well method, the growth rate of isolated bacteria and fungi was identified. To specify the growth rate of microorganisms and their usage of oil in the presence of the above-mentioned dispersants, as exclusive sources of carbon, the bacteria were grown in culture medium for 28 days at 120rpm, 30 °C, and their optical density was measured by spectrophotometry. Then, we tested biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in microorganisms. Results. The highest growth rate was documented for the growth of microorganisms on either Pars 1 or Pars 2 dispersants or their mixtures with oil. However, the culture having microorganisms grown on Pars 1 had higher BOD and COD than the other two dispersants (9200 and 16800 versus 500 and 960, P 0.05). Mixture of oil and Pars 2 as well as oil and Pars 1 dispersants showed the highest BODs and CODs, respectively. In the Bahregan province, microorganisms grown on Pars 2 had maximum amount of BOD and COD in comparison with Pars 1 and Gamlen dispersants (7100 and 15200 versus 6000 and 10560, P 0.05). Conclusion. Pars 1 and Pars 2 were the most effective dispersants with highest degradability comparing Gamlen. In each region, the most suitable compound for removing oil spill from offshores with least secondary contamination should be investigated. Copyright 2012 Azadeh Zolfaghari- Baghbaderani et al.
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