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The Influence of Kir Gene Polymorphisms and Kir-Ligand Binding on Outcomes in Hematologic Malignancies Following Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review Publisher Pubmed



Bakhtiari T1 ; Ahmadvand M2 ; Salmaninejad A3, 4 ; Ghaderi A5 ; Yaghmaie M2 ; Sadeghi A6 ; Mousavi SA2 ; Rostami T2 ; Ganjalikhanihakemi M1, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology, and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology Ward, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey

Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets Published:2023


Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cell behavior and function are controlled by a balance between negative or positive signals generated by an extensive array of activating and inhibiting receptors, including killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) proteins, main components of the innate immune system that contribute to initial responses against viral infected-transformed cells through generation of the release of cytokines and cytotoxicity. What is certain is that KIRs are genetically polymorphic and the extent of KIRs diversity within the individuals may have the potential outcomes for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this regard, recent studies suggest that KIR is as imperative as its ligand (HLA) in stem cell transplantation for malignant diseases. However, unlike HLA epitope mis-matches, which are well-known causes of NK alloreactivity, a complete understanding of KIR genes' role in HSCT remains unclear. Because of genetic variability in KIR gene content, allelic polymor-phism, and cell-surface expression among individuals, an appropriate selection of donors based on HLA and KIR profiles is crucial to improve outcomes of stem cell transplantation. In addition, the impact of the KIR/HLA interaction on HSCT outcomes needs to be investigated more comprehensively. The present work aimed to review the NK cell regeneration, KIR gene polymorphisms, and KIR-ligand binding on outcomes in hematologic malignancies following haploidentical stem cell transplantation. Comprehensive data gathered from the literature can provide new insight into the significance of KIR matching status in transplantations. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
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