Comparison of the Preventive Effect of Intrathecal Infiltration of 'Bupivacaine' Versus 'Bupivacaine and Dexmedetomidine Combination' in Reducing Postcesarean Section Pain; همراه « با » بوپیواکائین « مقایسهی تأثیر پیشگیرانه انفیلتراسیون داخل برش جراح در کاهش درد بعد از عمل جراحی سزارین » دکسمدتومیدی Publisher



Mh Delshad Mohammad HOSSEIN ; Ar Haghooghy Ali REZA ; A Ghosouri ATEFEH ; A Honarmand AZIM ; B Nazemroaya BEHZAD ; S Khanjani SOMAYEH
Source: Journal of Isfahan Medical School Published:2025

Abstract

Background: Surgical treatment for gynecomastia correction in men combines liposuction and surgical excision. The present study was conducted to compare the outcomes after surgery and liposuction in patients with a history of gynecomastia. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the data in the files of 92 patients in Isfahan Plastic Surgery Clinic who underwent gynecomastia correction surgery alone or combined with liposuction, in terms of gynecomastia grade, type of surgical technique (Webster, Lolande, LeJour, and Inverted-T excision), postoperative complications, wound scar score, patient satisfaction score, and expert panel satisfaction were analyzed at intervals of one month to 12 months. Findings: 5 (5.4%) of the patients in grade II A, 42 (45.7%) in grade II B, and 45 (48.9%) in grade III gynecomastia underwent surgery. The most common surgical technique used in grade IIA and IIB patients was the Webster technique and, in grade III, the Lolande (Dermoglandular) technique. The most common postoperative complications observed include breast flattening, paraesthesia, and nipple numbness. More than a quarter of the patients experienced a recurrence of gynecomastia. The most complications occurred after using the Webster technique and in the group of patients with grade III gynecomastia. The patients who were operated on with the Lejour technique and the Lolande technique (Dermoglandular) showed significantly the highest and lowest scar scores, respectively. Conclusion: In gynecomastia correction surgery, the use of the Lolande (Dermoglandular) surgical technique resulted in the lowest frequencies of either complications or scar scores. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.