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Soil Heavy Metals Are Associated With the Distribution of Multiple Sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran Publisher Pubmed



Etemadifar M1, 2 ; Mehrabi B3 ; Kianipeykani R2, 3 ; Abtahi SH2, 4 ; Nekouieisfahani K5 ; Ramagopalan SV6, 7 ; Fereidanesfahani M2, 4, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Neurology, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Isfahan Research Committee of Multiple Sclerosis (IRCOMS), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Medical Students Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  7. 7. Evidera, London, United Kingdom
  8. 8. Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Gottingen, Germany

Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Published:2016


Abstract

Background: Few epidemiological studies have explored the effects of soil pollution on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk in Asia. Method: Based on catchment areas, Isfahan province is divided into five regions (Central, North, East, West, and South), and Soil sampling performed in catchment area with the highest range of MS prevalence and incidence. Samples were analyzed for cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and absorbable forms of Pb, Cd, and Co. Linear regression is used to examine the association of soil heavy metals with prevalence of MS in central part of Isfahan province. Result: Multiple sclerosis prevalence ranged from 5.62 to 156.65 in different townships. Based on regression analysis, in case of considering fixed amounts for the rest of elements, a one (SD) increase of absorbable Pb and absorbable Cd are associated with 0.385 (SD) (P < 0.0001) increase and 0.209 (SD) (P < 0.007) decrease in MS prevalence, respectively. Conclusion: This study documented a significant association between exposure to absorbable Pb and Cd in soil with prevalence of MS in Isfahan. Further work is warranted to confirm this association and if validated, to understand the mechanisms behind the association. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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