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Risk Factor Profile and Outcomes of Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A 1-Year Prospective Design Publisher Pubmed



Fallahzadeh A1 ; Mehraban S1 ; Mahmoodi T1 ; Sheikhy A1 ; Naderian M2 ; Afsaneh Aein P1 ; Rafiee H3 ; Mehrani M1 ; Tajdini M1 ; Masoudkabir F1 ; Sadeghian S1 ; Hosseini K1, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Cardiac Primary Prevention Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Clinical Cardiology Published:2024


Abstract

Background: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among young adults (premature ACS) has dramatically increased in recent years, especially in developing countries. Yet, the data on these patients' attributed risk factors and outcomes are inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate these data in a cohort of premature ACS cases who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared to older patients. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that premature ACS patients undergoing PCI will exhibit different risk factor profiles and outcomes compared to non-premature patients. specifically, we anticipate that premature patients do not necessarily have better outcomes than non-premature. Methods: Overall, 3142 and 10 399 patients were included in premature and non-premature groups, respectively. Patients' pre-operative, post-operative, and follow-up data were retrieved retrospectively from the Tehran Heart Center PCI databank. Results: The mean age of premature and non-premature cohorts was 48.39 and 67 years, respectively. Patients were predominantly male in both groups. Family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), dyslipidemia, smoking, and opium addiction were more prevalent among the younger cohort. After adjustment, in-hospital mortality in younger patients was considerably higher, with all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) exhibiting no noticeable difference among the two groups. Conclusions: Risk factor profile is different in young patients, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, are more prevalent among older adults. Younger age is not equivalent to a better prognosis; hence, similar or even more caution should be taken into consideration regarding secondary prevention for these patients. © 2023 The Authors. Clinical Cardiology published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC.
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