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Circulating Levels of Calprotectin As a Biomarker in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Reshadmanesh T1 ; Behnoush AH2, 3 ; Farajollahi M4 ; Khalaji A2, 3 ; Ghondaghsaz E5 ; Ahangar H6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  6. 6. Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Source: Clinical Cardiology Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Calprotectin, also known as MRP8/14, is generated by immune cells and is altered in several inflammatory diseases. Studies have assessed their levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and its subtypes (stable CAD and acute coronary syndrome [ACS]). Herein, we aimed to systematically investigate these associations through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in four online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Web of Science. Relevant studies were retrieved, screened, and extracted. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed for the calculation of standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Blood calprotectin levels were compared between CAD patients and controls, as well as CAD subtypes. Results: A total of 20 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comprising 3300 CAD patients and 1230 controls. Patients with CAD had significantly higher calprotectin levels (SMD 0.81, 95% CI 0.32−1.30, p < 0.01). Similarly, patients with ACS were reported to have higher levels compared to those with stable CAD. However, there was no significant difference in terms of blood calprotectin levels between stable CAD cases and healthy controls. Finally, studies have shown that calprotectin could be used as a diagnostic biomarker of CAD while also predicting major adverse events and mortality in these patients. Conclusion: Based on our findings, calprotectin, as an inflammatory marker, could be used as a possible biomarker for patients with CAD and ACS. These suggest the possibility of pathophysiological pathways for this involvement and warrant further research on these associations as well as their clinical utility. © 2024 The Author(s). Clinical Cardiology published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC.
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