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Epidemiology of Q Fever in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Estimating Serological and Molecular Prevalence Publisher



Nokhodian Z1 ; Feizi A2 ; Ataei B3 ; Hoseini SG1 ; Mostafavi E4, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, National Reference Center for Diagnosis and Research on Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran

Source: Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Published:2017


Abstract

Background: Q fever is endemic in Iran, thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii among humans and animals in Iran. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was performed to identify all articles reporting C. burnetii prevalence in Iranian humans or animals, published from January 2000 to January 2015. Data from articles were extracted, and a pooled estimate of prevalence with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using random effect method. Results: In this review, 27 papers were identified. The pooled seroprevalence of Q fever in animals was 27% (CI 95%: 23%-32%). The prevalence was 33% (CI 95%: 22%-45%) in goats, 27% (CI 95%: 21%-32%) in sheep, and 17% (CI 95%: 5%-28%) in cattle. The bacterial DNA was detected in 5% (95% CI: 3%-9%) of milk samples, and it was higher in cattle (10%; 95% CI: 6%-16%) than sheep (2%; 95% CI: 0-7%) and goats (4%; 95% CI: 0-12%). Conclusion: C. burnetii DNA or its antibody has been frequently detected among ruminants. Since these animals can transmit the infection to humans, Q fever could be a potential health problem in Iran. © 2017 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.
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