Evaluation of Clinical and Para-Clinical Parameters Related to Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Influenza in Isfahan, Iran; a Cross Sectional Study Publisher



Shirani K ; Honarjou E ; Ataei B ; Rostami S ; Nokhodian Z ; Shams M
Source: Immunopathologia Persa Published:2026

Abstract

Introduction: Managing influenza (flu) due to its rapid transmission is a considerable challenge for the health system. Considering the variety of clinical symptoms in influenza and recognizing its symptoms in different conditions of patients can be effective in its management. Objectives: In the present cross-sectional study, we evaluate the relationship between clinical and para-clinical findings and the treatment measures observed at the time of hospitalization of influenza patients and their conditions at the time of discharge from the hospital. Patients and Methods: Our investigation was conducted from March 2019 to March 2021 in Alzahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran. The research population included influenza patients admitted to the infectious ward. Results: A total of 122 hospitalized influenza patients (n=122) were included in this research. The number of patients with influenza A and B was 44 and 78, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the type of influenza and the patient’s condition upon discharge (P= 0.001). Influenza vaccination (P< 0.001), diabetes (P= 0.038), and cardiovascular disease (P= 0.004) were significantly associated with the patient’s condition at discharge. According to our investigation, among the drugs used, oseltamivir significantly reduced mortality in patients receiving it (P<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the variables of all chest radiology and the patient’s condition at the time of discharge (P< 0.001). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the length of hospital stay (P= 0.001), the number of white blood cells (P= 0.001), the number of platelets (P= 0.006), and the amount of C-reactive protein (CRP) (P< 0.001) with the patient’s condition upon discharge. Conclusion: Among the comorbidities studied, diabetes and cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with mortality in patients with influenza. Vaccination significantly reduces mortality from influenza in high-risk patients. The antiviral drug oseltamivir is recommended as a useful drug for patients with the influenza. However, a multi-center study with larger sample size is necessary for a more conclusive result. Copyright © 2026 The Author(s); Published by Nickan Research Institute. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.