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Prevalence of Elimination Disorders and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Iranian Children and Adolescents Publisher Pubmed



Mohammadi MR1 ; Hojjat SK2, 16 ; Ahmadi N3 ; Alavi SS1 ; Hooshyari Z1 ; Khaleghi A1 ; Ahmadi A1 ; Hesari MJ2 ; Shakiba A1 ; Amiri S4 ; Molavi P5 ; Arman S6 ; Mohammadzadeh S7 ; Kousha M8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Mohammadi MR1
  2. Hojjat SK2, 16
  3. Ahmadi N3
  4. Alavi SS1
  5. Hooshyari Z1
  6. Khaleghi A1
  7. Ahmadi A1
  8. Hesari MJ2
  9. Shakiba A1
  10. Amiri S4
  11. Molavi P5
  12. Arman S6
  13. Mohammadzadeh S7
  14. Kousha M8
  15. Golbon A9
  16. Hosseini SH10
  17. Delpisheh A11
  18. Mojahed A12
  19. Armanikian A13
  20. Sarraf N14
  21. Safavi P15
  22. Moharari F16
  23. Dastjerdi R17
  24. Talepasand S19
  25. Jaberghaderi N18
  26. Ostovar R20
  27. Salmanian M1
  28. Zarafshan H1
  29. Nazari A2
  30. Haghbin A2
  31. Khalili MN2
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  3. 3. Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  4. 4. Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
  6. 6. Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Pediatric Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  10. 10. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Psychosocial Injuries Research Center Ilam, University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Clinical Psychology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  13. 13. Department of Psychiatry, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
  14. 14. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  15. 15. Clinical Research Development Unit, Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  16. 16. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  17. 17. Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  18. 18. Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  19. 19. Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
  20. 20. Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

Source: Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Published:2021


Abstract

PURPOSE: Currently, there is a paucity of studies on the prevalence of Elimination Disorders among Iranian children and adolescents. Due to the ongoing need to monitor the health status of these children and adolescents, the present study aims to investigate the prevalence of Elimination Disorders and comorbid disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 29,781 children and adolescents age 6 to 18 years old were selected and studied from all the provinces in Iran. The sampling was carried out by employing a multistage cluster sampling method, and several clinical psychologists using semi-structured interviews collected the data. Furthermore, clinical psychologists collected demographic information (including information about gender, age, place of residence, education level, and parental education level). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: Generally, the prevalence of Elimination Disorders was found to be 5.4% covering both enuresis (p= 5.4, 95% CI = 5.1-5.7) and encopresis (p= 0.13, 95% CI = 0.09-0.2). The total prevalence of comorbid disorders was 38%, and among the comorbid disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (p= 11, 95% CI = 9.5-12.7) and Separation Anxiety (p= 10.6, 95% CI = 9.1-12.2) were the most prevalent. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Elimination Disorders in Iranian children and adolescents is moderate compared to similar studies elsewhere. As for comorbid disorders, ADHD and Separation Anxiety were found to be the most prevalent disorders. Since Elimination Disorders coexist with psychiatric disorders in children, further studies of these comorbidities may give better insight into the treatment and prognosis of Elimination Disorders. © 2021 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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