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Comparison of Airway Assessment Tests for Prediction of Difficult Intubation in Obese Patients: Importance of Thyromental Height and Upper Lip Bite Test Publisher Pubmed



Kheirabadi D1 ; Honarmand A2 ; Rasouli MR3 ; Safavi MR2 ; Maracy MR4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Minerva Anestesiologica Published:2022


Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prediction of difficult intubation (DI) has remained challenging for anesthesiologists and validity of airway assessment tests has not been fully investigated. This study aims to compare predictive values of these tests for prediction of DI in obese patients. METHODS: One hundred ninety-six patients with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 were included in this prospective study. Variables including intubation Difficulty Scale (IDS), thyromental height (TMH), hyomental distance (HMD) in extent and neutral neck position, HMD ratio (HMDR), sternomental distance (SMD), thyromental distance (TMD), ratio of height to TMD (RHTMD), width of mouth opening (MO), mandibular length (ML), Cormack-lehane (C-L) grade, upper lip bite test (ULBT), history of snoring, and obstructive sleep apnea were collected. Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to determine independent predictors of DI (defined as IDS≥5) and their cut off points. RESULTS: DI and difficult laryngoscopy (defined as C-L grade ≥3) were observed in 23% and 24.5% of the study population, respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified TMH (Odds ratio (OR):0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.14-0.58, P=0.001), BMI (OR:1.18, 95% CI: 1.11-1.26, P<0.001), HMDR (OR:0.45, 95% CI:0.36-0.56, P<0.001) and ULBT (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 2.14-7.14, P<0.001) as independent predictors of DI. Sensitivity of TMH<4.8 cm, BMI>34.9 kg/m2, HMDR<1.4 and ULBT class ≥2 were determined as 75.1%, 73.3%,62.3% and 93.3% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: TMH and ULBT had the highest sensitivity for prediction of DI in obese patients in this study and it is recommended to be considered as part of airway assessment in this patient population. © 2021 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.
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