Identifying Key Drivers Affecting the Future of Virtual Reality in Medical Education Publisher



Z Mohammadi ZEINAB ; R Mojtahedzadeh RITA ; A Najimi ARASH ; M Alizadeh MARYAM ; A Mohammadi AEEN
Source: Journal of Education and Health Promotion Published:2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Policymakers must have a forward-looking mindset. Future studies are valuable tools for monitoring upcoming developments and identifying the driving forces that shape the future. This research aimed to identify the drivers or key influencing factors in the future of virtual reality in medical education. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study was conducted in 2021-2023 in three phases: conducting literature review, interviewing with experts, and categorizing these results within the STEEPV (Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, and Values) framework. RESULTS: Content analysis of the literature review resulted in 273 codes and seven categories. Interviews with 15 experts were analyzed, which led to 220 codes and 30 sub-categories. Ultimately, the results of the two aforementioned stages were categorized within the STEEPV framework, including six, seven, six, two, four, and five drivers in the categories of social, technological, economic, environmental, political, and values drivers, respectively. CONCLUSION: To successfully introduce virtual reality in universities, it is essential to create a supportive environment, adjust policies, and establish ethical guidelines. This will require initial investments, cost-reduction strategies, and collaboration with knowledge-based companies. In addition, it is vital to leverage existing technology, provide training, and enhance digital literacy to ensure effective utilization. The future of virtual reality in medical education will be influenced by technological advancements, economic factors, environmental concerns, political frameworks, and value-driven approaches. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.