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Exploring the Facilitators and Barriers to High-Risk Behaviors Among School Transportation Drivers: A Qualitative Study Publisher Pubmed



Fathizadeh S1 ; Karimy M2 ; Tavousi M3 ; Zamanialavijeh F4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
  3. 3. Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: BMC Public Health Published:2022


Abstract

Background: School transportation (ST) crashes are associated with serious adverse consequences, particularly for students in developing countries. High-risk behaviors (HRBs) of ST drivers are a major factor contributing to ST crashes. This study aimed at exploring the facilitators and barriers to HRBs among ST drivers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were ST drivers, students, parents, and school staff purposively selected from Tehran, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions and were concurrently analyzed through conventional content analysis. Findings: Participants were fifteen ST drivers with a mean age of 45 ± 10.2 years and 24 students, parents, and school staff with a mean age of 28.62 ± 16.08 years. The facilitators and barriers to HRBs came into five main categories, namely previous experiences of HRBs, perceived gains and risks of HRBs, motivating and inhibiting feelings and emotions, positive and negative subjective norms, and perceived mastery in driving. Conclusion: A wide range of facilitators and barriers can affect HRBs among ST drivers. Strategies for preventing HRBs among ST drivers should be multidimensional and individualized and should focus on strengthening the barriers and removing the facilitators to HRBs. © 2022, The Author(s).
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