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The Effect of Neutral Oligosaccharides on Reducing the Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial



Armanian AM1 ; Sadeghnia A1 ; Hoseinzadeh M2 ; Mirlohi M3 ; Feizi A4 ; Salehimehr N5 ; Saee N6 ; Nazari J7
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primary Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Food Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Almahdi University, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal of Preventive Medicine Published:2014

Abstract

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most destructive diseases associated with conditions of neonatal prematurity. Supplementation with enteral prebiotics may reduce the incidence of NEC, especially in infants who fed exclusively with breast-milk. Therefore, we compared the efficacy and safety of enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture (short chain galacto-oligosaccharides/long chain fructooligosaccharides [SCGOS/LCFOS]) versus no intervention on incidence of NEC in preterm infants.; Methods: In a single-center randomized control trial 75 preterm infants (birth weight [BW] ≤1500 g, gestational age ≤34 weeks and were not fed with formula) on 30 ml/kg/day volume of breast-milk were randomly allocated to have enteral supplementation with a prebiotic mixture (SCGOS/LCFOS; 9:1) or not receive any prebiotic. The incidence of suspected NEC, feeding intolerance, time to full enteral feeds, duration of hospitalization were investigated.; Results: Differences in demographic characteristics were not statistically important. SCGOS/LCFOS mixture significantly reduced the incidence of suspected NEC, (1 [4.0%] vs. 11 [22.0%]; hazard ratio: 0.49 [95% confidence interval: 0.29-0.84]; P = 0.002), and time to full enteral feeds (11 [7-21] vs. 14 [8-36] days; P - 0.02]. Also duration of hospitalization was meaningfully shorter in the prebiotic group (16 [9-45] vs. 25 [11-80]; P - 0.004]. Prebiotic oligosaccharides were well tolerated by very low BW (VLBW) infants.; Conclusions: Enteral supplementation with prebiotic significantly reduced the incidence of NEC in VLBW infants who were fed exclusively breast-milk. This finding suggests that it might have been the complete removal of formula which caused a synergistic effect between nonhuman neutral oligosaccharides (prebiotic) and human oligosaccharides. © 2014, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
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