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Cognitive Appraisals of Disability in Persons With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Review Publisher Pubmed



Shabany M1, 2 ; Ghodsi SM2 ; Arejan RH2, 3 ; Baigi V2 ; Ghodsi Z2, 4 ; Rakhshani F5 ; Gholami M6, 7 ; Mahdavi Sharif P2, 8 ; Shool S2, 9 ; Vaccaro AR10 ; Rahimimovaghar V1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Rehabilitation Office, State Welfare Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Midwifery, Tuyserkan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tuyserkan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University and the Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  11. 11. Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  13. 13. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  14. 14. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Source: Spinal Cord Published:2022


Abstract

Study design: Scoping review. Objectives: To describe the meaning of cognitive appraisals, their relation with outcome. measures, and adapted appraisal scales after Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in the existing literature. Methods: This review was performed according to the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework that consisted of five steps: setting the review question, searching the literature, selecting and classifying the studies, charting the data, and summarizing the results. Published articles from 1990 to 16 May 2020 related to cognitive appraisal, persons with traumatic SCI (TSCI), and persons older than 18 years were identified by searching by key terms in four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase). Results: The included studies (n = 26) were categorized into three categories. Categories focused on the meanings of cognitive appraisals following TSCI (i.e., appraisals being complex and context-related, or in general definition how persons with TSCI interpret their disability and how they evaluate the resources available to respond to it), the relationship between cognitive appraisals and physical/psychological/social/ outcomes, and appraisals of disability (including the use of appraisals as a predictor of subsequent positive or negative consequences). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that a cognitive appraisal of TSCI is critical to longer-term rehabilitation outcomes. A combination of physical and psychological-based interventions can help to modify negative or dysfunctional appraisals. Cognitive appraisal in TSCI seems to vary from person to person. To predict it and develop a rehabilitation plan, future research needs to focus on the relationship between cognitive appraisal and person-related factors, including demographic characteristics. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Spinal Cord Society.
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