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Prevalence of Cancers Among Patients With Hiv Referring to Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center, Tehran, Iran, 2004-2017 Publisher



Tamajani ZT1 ; Gorji M2 ; Dadras O3 ; Najafi Z4, 7 ; Martin J5 ; Vieira Junior RC6 ; Seyedalinaghi S4, 7 ; Voltarelli FA6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  2. 2. Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Velayat Hospital, Qazvin, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
  4. 4. Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil
  7. 7. Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases Published:2020


Abstract

Background: Malignancies, in part, are responsible for high HIV-related morbidity and mortality. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) substantially decreases the risk of developing AIDS-defining cancers, HIV-infected individuals remain at high risk for non-AIDS-defining cancers. Objectives: In Iran, the epidemiology of AIDS and non-AIDS-defining cancers in the HIV-infected population has not been studied; therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of cancers among HIV-infected patients in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, using convenient sampling, hospital records of 1243 HIV-infected patients from 2004 to 2017 were collected at the Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. The only inclusion criterion was a positive HIV result of ELISA and West-ern blot tests. The records were investigated for the occurrence of HIV-and non-HIV-defining cancers. To examine the association between relevant factors and cancer, we used a multivariate logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR). Results: Thirty-nine out of 1243 HIV-infected patients, including 16 males (41%) and 23 females (59%), were diagnosed with concurrent cancer (3.1%). Twenty-five individuals had AIDS-defining cancers (2%), and 14 had non-AIDS-defining cancers (1.1%). Cervical cancer was detected in 14 patients (1.1%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 7 patients (0.6%), and Kaposi’s sarcoma in 4 patients (0.3%). There was a significant association between age group (30-40 years old) and the type of cancer (P = 0.048). Age group (adjusted odds ratio 3.33 for age group ≥ 50 yrs, 95% CI: 0.42-26.60) and gender (adjusted odds ratio 0.36 for men, 95% CI: 0.18–0.70) remained independently associated with cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of AIDS-defining cancers was higher than non-AIDS-defining cancers. These results highlighted the importance of promoting cancer screening and early ART initiation among HIV-infected patients. © 2020, Author(s).
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