Review the Less Explored Correlation of Vegf Signaling Pathway With Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma Publisher



Ramezani F ; Soumee MM ; Kazempour A ; Bolandi SM ; Shiran F ; Hosseininia HS ; Jalili A ; Sadrabadi AE
Source: Comparative Clinical Pathology Published:2025

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy after non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Despite advancements in treatment, multiple myeloma remains incurable with an average survival of 3 to 4 years. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of malignancies, including blood malignancies like multiple myeloma. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the role of angiogenesis factors, especially vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their role in multiple myeloma. The article provides a review of the available literature on the role of VEGF and angiogenesis in multiple myeloma, focusing on VEGF biology, its signaling pathways, and its contribution to disease progression. VEGF serves as the principal regulator of angiogenesis, playing a crucial role in tumor growth and metastasis. In multiple myeloma, microvessel density (MVD) progressively increases and correlates with the plasma cell labeling index, underscoring the significance of angiogenesis in disease progression. Malignant plasma cells secrete VEGF and other angiogenic factors within the bone marrow, promoting angiogenesis and disease progression. VEGF exerts its effects by binding to specific receptors, activating downstream signaling pathways, including the MAPK cascade, which promotes endothelial cell proliferation. VEGF expression and MVD serve as critical biomarkers in assessing multiple myeloma progression. Therapeutic strategies targeting VEGF signaling, including monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors, have demonstrated promising efficacy in preclinical models and hold potential for improving clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma patients. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.