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Ards, Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage and Pericardial Effusion Due to Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Consumption: Legal and Ethical Policy in Medical Education



Abdi M1, 2 ; Lotfolahi Z3 ; Zareie M4 ; Saeidi M5 ; Amini K6 ; Torkmandi H7 ; Ghodrati S8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nursing, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  6. 6. Zanjan Social Determinations of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Operating Room, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Source: Tanaffos Published:2022

Abstract

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are one of the ingredients of herbal and dietary supplements that are popular among sports trainers. AAS abuse predisposes everyone to several complications. Reviews of the literature on AAS users have shown mainly skin, renal, and hepatic complications. In this case report, we presented a case with simultaneous complications, including diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pericardial effusion, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), and acute kidney injury (AKI). Given the potential for lethal complications and the consequences of ethical, civil, and criminal law, it seems that specific policies will be considered for the use of bodybuilding drugs. It is also suggested that this approach be added as a new part of the medical curriculum. Also, ARDS and DAH are unreported side effects in other studies, which is suggested to be considered by specialists. © 2022 NRITLD, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Iran.
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