Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc)

Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc) Publisher

Noruzi M^{1, 2} ; Abdollahi M^{1, 2}

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1. Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

The safe doses/concentrations are referred to as reference doses (RfDs) or reference concentrations (RfCs) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. RfD is measured in milligrams of pollutant per kilogram of body weight per day, while RfC is measured in milligrams per cubic meter of air. The RfD/RfC reflects lifetime ingestion and cutaneous or inhalation exposure with low danger. In contrast, doses/concentrations fewer than the RfD/RfC are not likely to be associated with health risks and are of little regulatory concern. Doses/concentrations at the RfD/RfC are not always ‘acceptable,’ and doses/concentrations above the RfD/RfC are not always ‘unacceptable.’ © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Noruzi M, Abdollahi M. "Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc)." Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, vol. 7, no. , 2023, pp. V7-147.
APA	Noruzi M, Abdollahi M (2023). Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc). Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, 7(), V7-147.
Chicago	Noruzi M, Abdollahi M. "Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc)." Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 7, no. (2023): V7-147.
Harvard	Noruzi M, Abdollahi M (2023) 'Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc)', Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, 7(), pp. V7-147.
Vancouver	Noruzi M, Abdollahi M. Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc). Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9. 2023;7():V7-147.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Noruzi M and Abdollahi M}, title = {Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc)}, journal = {Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9}, volume = {7}, number = {}, pages = {V7-147}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Noruzi M AU - Abdollahi M TI - Oral/Dermal Reference Dose (Rfd)/Inhalation Reference Concentration (Rfc) JO - Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 VL - 7 IS - SP - V7 EP - 147 PY - 2023 ER -

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