Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1: A Case Report Publisher Pubmed



Sajjadijazi SM^{1, 2} ; Soltani A¹ ; Enayati S^{1, 3} ; Kakavand Hamidi A^{1, 3} ; Amoli MM^{1, 3} Show Affiliations
Source: BMC Medical Genetics Published:2019

Abstract

Background: Mutations of the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE), located on chromosome 21q22.3, are recognized as the cause of a rare monogenic organ-specific autoimmune disorder called autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1). Three major components of this syndrome include chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), hypoparathyroidism, and adrenocortical failure. Case presentation: We report a 19-year-old girl, who was born in an Iranian Muslim family with a clinical diagnosis of APS-1. To identify the causative mutation, a direct sequencing of the entire AIRE gene sequence was performed by Sanger sequencing method. Three distinct variants were discovered, including c.1095 + 2 T > A, c.1197 T > C (rs1800521) and c.1578 T > C (rs1133779), in intron 9, exons 10 and 14 of the AIRE gene, respectively. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an Iranian Muslim APS-1 patient with combination of these variations. In addition, the effect of c.1095 + 2 T > A mutation on AIRE mRNA expression was reported for the first time. This study expands the diversity of variants that could cause APS-1. More genetic studies are required to determine the exact frequency of these variants and their diagnostic significance. © 2019 The Author(s).