Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Publisher Pubmed

Hoobehfekr S¹ ; Moghaddam HS¹ ; Shalbafan M² ; Hashemi MG² ; Pirmoradi MM¹ ; Sakenian A¹ ; Poopak A¹ ; Kashefinejad S² ; Yarahmadi M³ ; Akhondzadeh S¹

Show Affiliations

1. Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Health Psychology, Khorramshahr â€“ Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran

Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Published:2021

Abstract

Aim: Tipepidine, a synthetic, non-opioid expectorant, has been shown to improve depressive-like behavior in animal models of depression. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and tolerability of tipepidine combination therapy with citalopram in treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 62 patients with MDD were assigned into two parallel groups to receive citalopram (up to 40 mg/day) plus placebo or citalopram plus tipepidine (30 mg twice daily) for 6 weeks. Participants were assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) at baseline and Weeks 2, 4, and 6. Results: Fifty-six patients completed the trial. The tipepidine group showed greater improvement in HAM-D scores from baseline to all three study time points (P = 0.048 for all). The remission and response-to-treatment rates were significantly higher in the tipepidine group (53.6% and 100%) compared to the placebo group (25.0% and 75%) at the study end-point (P = 0.029 and 0.005, respectively). The remission and response times in patients in the tipepidine group were also shorter compared with the placebo group (log–rank P = 0.020 and 0.004). There was no significant difference between the two groups in baseline parameters or frequency of side-effects. Conclusion: Tipepidine combination therapy with citalopram can effectively improve symptoms of patients with MDD in a shorter period of treatment. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up treatment are needed to confirm our findings. © 2020 The Authors Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2020 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Hoobehfekr S, et al.. "Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, vol. 75, no. 2, 2021, pp. 57-62.
APA	Hoobehfekr S, Moghaddam HS, Shalbafan M, Hashemi MG, Pirmoradi MM, Sakenian A, Poopak A, Kashefinejad S, Yarahmadi M, Akhondzadeh S (2021). Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 75(2), 57-62.
Chicago	Hoobehfekr S, Moghaddam HS, Shalbafan M, Hashemi MG, Pirmoradi MM, Sakenian A, Poopak A, Kashefinejad S, Yarahmadi M, Akhondzadeh S. "Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 75, no. 2 (2021): 57-62.
Harvard	Hoobehfekr S et al. (2021) 'Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial', Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 75(2), pp. 57-62.
Vancouver	Hoobehfekr S, Moghaddam HS, Shalbafan M, Hashemi MG, Pirmoradi MM, Sakenian A, et al.. Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 2021;75(2):57-62.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Hoobehfekr S and Moghaddam HS and Shalbafan M and Hashemi MG and Pirmoradi MM and Sakenian A and Poopak A and Kashefinejad S and Yarahmadi M and Akhondzadeh S}, title = {Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial}, journal = {Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences}, volume = {75}, number = {2}, pages = {57-62}, year = {2021} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Hoobehfekr S AU - Moghaddam HS AU - Shalbafan M AU - Hashemi MG AU - Pirmoradi MM AU - Sakenian A AU - Poopak A AU - Kashefinejad S AU - Yarahmadi M AU - Akhondzadeh S TI - Efficacy and Safety of Tipepidine As Adjunctive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial JO - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences VL - 75 IS - 2 SP - 57 EP - 62 PY - 2021 ER -

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