Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins

Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins Publisher

Saghafi M¹ ; Shariatifar N¹ ; Alizadeh Sani M¹ ; Dogaheh MA² ; Khaniki GJ¹ ; Arabameri M³

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
3. Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Source: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry Published:2023

Abstract

In this study, the trace elements lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) quantity have been investigated using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) residual by iodometric titration method in raisin samples in different regions of Iran. The results showed that the concentration of Cu, Zn and Fe were in the range of 0.053–0.212 mg/kg, 0.048–0.170 mg/kg and 0.541–0.843 mg/kg, respectively, whereas Cd, Ni, As and Pb concentrations in the samples were less than detection limit (LOD). The SO2 residual in raisin samples was between 30 and 843.33 mg/kg. The LOD of Cu, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and As were 0.022 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, 0.047 mg/kg, 0.04 mg/kg, 0.019 mg/kg, 0.024 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation results showed that the indexes of target hazard quotient (THQ) due to ingestion of SO2 residues estimated lower than the safe level (THQ < 1) in all samples, except in the Raisin-B and Raisin-D samples. Accordingly, to ensure consumer health and improve international trade, continuous control and adaptive regulation of sulphur dioxide residues and trace elements in dried fruit are recommended. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Saghafi M, et al.. "Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, vol. 103, no. 19, 2023, pp. 8401-8415.
APA	Saghafi M, Shariatifar N, Alizadeh Sani M, Dogaheh MA, Khaniki GJ, Arabameri M (2023). Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 103(19), 8401-8415.
Chicago	Saghafi M, Shariatifar N, Alizadeh Sani M, Dogaheh MA, Khaniki GJ, Arabameri M. "Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 103, no. 19 (2023): 8401-8415.
Harvard	Saghafi M et al. (2023) 'Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins', International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 103(19), pp. 8401-8415.
Vancouver	Saghafi M, Shariatifar N, Alizadeh Sani M, Dogaheh MA, Khaniki GJ, Arabameri M. Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2023;103(19):8401-8415.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Saghafi M and Shariatifar N and Alizadeh Sani M and Dogaheh MA and Khaniki GJ and Arabameri M}, title = {Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry}, volume = {103}, number = {19}, pages = {8401-8415}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Saghafi M AU - Shariatifar N AU - Alizadeh Sani M AU - Dogaheh MA AU - Khaniki GJ AU - Arabameri M TI - Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Elements Contamination and Sulphur Dioxide Residual in Raisins JO - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry VL - 103 IS - 19 SP - 8401 EP - 8415 PY - 2023 ER -

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