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Higher Dietary Acid Load Might Be a Potent Derivative Factor for Multiple Sclerosis: The Results From a Case–Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Saeedirad Z1 ; Ariyanfar S2 ; Noormohammadi M3 ; Ghorbani Z4, 5 ; Naser Moghadasi A6 ; Shahemi S1, 7 ; Ghanaatgar M1 ; Rezaeimanesh N1, 6 ; Hekmatdoost A1 ; Ghaemi A8 ; Razeghi Jahromi S1, 6
Authors

Source: Nutrients Published:2023


Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary acid load (DAL) and multiple sclerosis (MS), through the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores. In a hospital-based case–control study of 109 patients with MS and 130 healthy individuals, a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a logistic regression model were used to evaluate the association between the DAL and MS. After adjusting for age (years), gender (male/female), body mass index (Kg/m2), and total calories (Kcal), the MS odds were 92% lower for those in the highest tertile of total plant-based protein (OR: 0.08, 95%CI: 0.03, 0.23; p-value < 0.001) and about four times higher for those in the highest tertile of the PRAL (OR: 4.16, 95%CI: 1.94, 8.91; p-value < 0.001) and NEAP scores (OR: 3.57, 95%CI: 1.69, 7.53; p-value < 0.001), compared to those in the lowest tertile. After further adjusting for sodium, saturated fatty acid, and fiber intake, the results remained significant for total plant-based protein intake (OR: 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.38; p-value = 0.002). In conclusion, a higher NEAP or PRAL score may be associated with increased odds of MS, while a higher intake of plant-based protein instead of animal-based protein may be protective. © 2023 by the authors.
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