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Timely Referral to Health Centers for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases: Irapen National Program Publisher Pubmed



Hadavandsiri F1 ; Khalili D2 ; Mahdavi A3 ; Afkar M4 ; Ostovar A5 ; Hasheminazari SS6 ; Derakhshan S1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Center for Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health (MOH), Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Community Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Frontiers in Public Health Published:2023


Abstract

Introduction: The IraPEN program is an adapted version of the WHO-PEN program designed to prevent four major non-communicable diseases in Iran. This study aimed to determine the rate of compliance and related factors among individuals participating in the IraPEN program for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Method: In this study, compliance was defined as timely referral to the health center as scheduled, and the researchers approached four pilot sites of IraPEN from March 2016 to March 2018. Sex-stratified logistic regressions were applied to investigate factors related to compliance. However, it is important to note that in this study, compliance was defined as compliance to revisit, not compliance to taking prescribed medications or behavioral lifestyle changes. Results: The total compliance rate, including timely compliance and early and late compliance, was 16.5% in men and 23.3% in women. The study found that cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and being underweight were associated with lower compliance. The higher calculated risk of CVD was associated with higher compliance, but after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, high-risk individuals showed lower compliance. There was negligible interaction between sex and other factors for compliance. Conclusion: The compliance rate with scheduled programs for cardiovascular preventive strategies was very low, and high-risk individuals were less compliant, regardless of their high level of risk factors. The study recommends further training to increase awareness and knowledge regarding the IraPEN program and the prevention of non-communicable diseases among high-risk populations. Copyright © 2023 Hadavandsiri, Khalili, Mahdavi, Afkar, Ostovar, Hashemi-Nazari and Derakhshan.
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3. The State of Diabetes Treatment Coverage in 55 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nationally Representative, Individual-Level Data in 680 102 Adults, The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2021)
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