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Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Yousefifard M1 ; Ramezani F1 ; Faridaalaee G2, 3 ; Baikpour M4 ; Madani Neishaboori A1 ; Vaccaro AR9 ; Hosseini M5, 6 ; Rahimimovaghar V7, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Emergency Medicine Research Team, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Brain and Spinal Injuries Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States

Source: Harvard Review of Psychiatry Published:2022


Abstract

Background Limited evidence is currently available on the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the prevalence and geographic distribution of PTSD symptoms after SCI. Methods After a search in the MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, two reviewers independently summarized relevant studies published through 20 October 2021. Observational studies were included. The studies were eligible if they assessed PTSD symptoms using standard self-report or clinician-based instruments. Data and results were reported using the overall prevalence and the odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results 24 articles (5646 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms ranged from 6.33% (95% CI, 2.73-13.97) to 61.76% (95% CI, 52.07-70.61). Pooled analysis demonstrated that the overall prevalence of PTSD symptoms in SCI patients was significantly higher in developing countries (41.64%; 95% CI, 31.11-52.55) than in developed countries (19.35%; 95% CI, 14.66-24.51) (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.08-1.42; p =.003). The highest prevalence of PTSD symptoms was reported in South Africa (56.25%; 95% CI, 47.01-65.08), followed by Sri Lanka (45.71%; 95% CI, 30.47-61.81), and Greece (43.55%; 95% CI, 31.94-55.91). By contrast, Norway (6.33%; 95% CI, 2.73-13.97), Switzerland/Germany (8.65%; 95% CI, 4.8-13.42), and Denmark (10.71%; 95% CI, 6.89-16.30) were found to have the lowest prevalence of PTSD symptoms after SCI. Conclusion Many traumatic SCI patients suffer from PTSD symptoms, and their prevalence seems to be higher in developing countries than in developed countries. These findings underscore the need to consider the psychological aspects of traumatic SCI. © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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