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Validation of the Short Dark Tetrad (Sd4) in Persian: Assessment of Its Structure and Nomological Network Publisher



Qaderi Bagajan K1 ; Ziegler M2 ; Soleimani M3 ; Paulhus DL4 ; Soleimani ZA5 ; Kordbagheri M6 ; Alavinejad L7 ; Amiri H8 ; Asl VY5 ; Hoseini S9 ; Bagajan HQ10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  3. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Statistics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

Source: Journal of Individual Differences Published:2024


Abstract

The Short Dark Tetrad of Personality (SD4) is a self-report instrument for screening individuals with dark personality traits, including narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism. In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Persian version in an Iranian sample. After translating the instrument, we conducted a large online survey that included 1,696 participants (67% female), aged 18-60 years. We performed a series of confirmatory factor analyses and examined the nomological network to validate the instrument. After assessing five competing structural models, the four-factor model showed the best fit based on standard goodness-of-fit indices. The sub-scales also showed coherent links with risk-Taking and pathological personality traits. We conclude that the Persian SD4 has a distinct four-factor structure with adequate reliability and validity. Therefore, it can be used to measure dark personality traits in Farsi-speaking samples. © 2024 Hogrefe Publishing.
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