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Comparing Acute and Chronic Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania Major and Leishmania Tropica Focusing on Arginase Activity Publisher Pubmed



Mortazavi H1 ; Sadeghipour P2, 3 ; Taslimi Y2 ; Habibzadeh S2 ; Zali F2 ; Zahedifard F2 ; Rahmati J4 ; Kamyab K5 ; Ghandi N1 ; Zamanian A6 ; Reza Tohidinik H7 ; Muller I8 ; Kropf P8 ; Rafati S2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of General surgery and Plastic surgery, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pathology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Dermatology, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Public Health, Gonabad University of medical sciences, Gonabad, Iran
  8. 8. Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Published:2016


Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iran is mainly caused by Leishmania major (L. major) and L. tropica. Arginase mediated L-arginine metabolism is an important issue in Leishmania parasite propagation. Arginase activity in human CL due to L. major and L. tropica have not been studied up to now. Objectives: We aimed to compare the clinical and laboratory aspects of acute and chronic CL, focussing on arginase activity. Methods: In this case–control study, 30 patients with acute CL (duration ≤ 1 year), 13 patients with chronic CL (duration ≥ 2 year) and 11 healthy controls were recruited. Arginase activity was measured in skin biopsies of lesions, peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma by standard methods. Results: The median of arginase activity in the acute lesions was higher than in chronic samples and significantly higher than in healthy controls (P = 0.008). PMNs of both acute and chronic patients showed higher levels of arginase activity as compared to the levels in PBMCs and plasma. The median of arginase activity in the PMNs of patients with chronic CL was higher than that of patients with acute CL and significantly higher than that of the healthy controls (P = 0.010). Conclusion: The level of arginase activity in lesions of patients with acute and chronic CL was higher than the skin of healthy controls. The highest level of arginase activity was observed in PMNs from patients with chronic CL. This suggests that the high level of arginase activity in PMNs of patients with chronic CL may contribute to the chronicity. © 2016 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
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