Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Shell and Kernel of Roasted Sunflower Seeds



Akbariadergani B¹ ; Khaki T² ; Jahed G² ; Ahmadkhaniha R³ ; Rezapour S⁴ ; Sadighara P² Show Affiliations
Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Published:2017

Abstract

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important in food contamination. The present study was carried out to assess PAHs in shell and kernel of roast and raw sunflower seeds (Helianthus annus L.). Methods: Analytical methods included saponification using methanolic potassium hydroxide, extraction using cyclohexane and assessment using GC-Mass apparatus. Results: Of 16 PAHs studied in roasted and raw sunflower seeds, four PAHs were detected in roasted seeds, including anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene and phenanthrene. Concentration of the total PAHs was calculated at 15.9 ±4.8 μg/kg in shell of roasted seeds. Results showed no contaminations in shell and kernel of raw sunflower seeds. Assessment of the PAH distribution in shell and kernel of roasted seeds showed that PAH concentration in shells was significantly higher than that in kernels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: For the first time, results of this study suggested the presence of PAHs in roasted sunflower seeds. This can be a potential health risk for consumers and is necessary to be considered in food control regulations. © 2017, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved.