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Prevalence of Surgical Site Infection and Risk Factors in Patients After Knee Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Zaboli Mahdiabadi M1 ; Farhadi B2 ; Shahroudi P3 ; Mohammadi M4 ; Omrani A5 ; Mohammadi M4 ; Hekmati Pour N7 ; Hojjati H8 ; Najafi M9 ; Majd Teimoori Z10 ; Farzan R11 ; Salehi R12
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Surgical Technology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Nursing, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
  8. 8. Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
  9. 9. Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Wound Journal Published:2024


Abstract

The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and risk factors in patients after knee surgery. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as Persian electronic databases like Iranmedex and the Scientific Information Database (SID). This search involved the utilization of keywords derived from Medical Subject Headings, such as ‘Prevalence’, ‘Surgical wound infection’, ‘Surgical site infection’ and ‘Orthopaedics’, spanning from the earliest records up to 1 October 2023. To assess the quality of the included studies, the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool) was utilized. The study encompassed a combined participant pool of 11 028 individuals who underwent knee surgery across seven selected studies. The collective prevalence of SSI in patients who underwent knee surgery, as reported in the seven included studies, was determined to be 3.0% (95% CI: 1.2% to 7.5%; I2 = 96.612%; p < 0.001). The combined prevalence of SSI in patients with DM, as reported in six studies, was 5.1% (95% CI: 1.7% to 14.5%; I2 = 79.054%; p < 0.001). Similarly, the pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with HTN, drawn from four studies, was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.7% to 4.5%; I2 = 63.996%; p = 0.040). Additionally, the collective prevalence of SSI in patients with a history of tobacco use, based on findings from six studies, was 4.8% (95% CI: 1.4% to 15.2%; I2 = 93.358%; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis was conducted within six studies, categorizing them by two countries, namely China and the USA. These analyses revealed that the prevalence of SSI following knee surgery was 3.0% in China and 2.0% in the USA. It is noteworthy that variations in SSI prevalence across different studies may be attributed to a multitude of factors, particularly varying risk factors among patient populations. To address this issue and mitigate the impact of SSI on knee surgery patients, it is advisable to develop tailored interventions. © 2024 The Authors. International Wound Journal published by Medicalhelplines.com Inc and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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