Hiv-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: A Case Study



Abed E¹ ; Eladawey AF¹ ; Rashad MH¹ ; Essmat A¹ ; Ali M¹ ; Elsheshiny AH¹ ; Fayed AG¹ ; Elbaz F¹ ; Ahmed MG¹ ; Abna Z² ; Khater SA³ Show Affiliations
Source: Acta Medica Indonesiana Published:2023

Abstract

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare, life-threatening, infectious, lytic, demyelinating disease that results from reactivation of the virulent JC polyomavirus (JCV) “major opportunistic infection” in immunosuppressed individuals. We reported a case of a young girl who presented with new onset focal neurological defect, evaluated, and laboratory and radiological findings in the context of a clinical setting confirmed HIV-related-PML infection. However, remyelination does not occur, the patients may develop complications in the long term including cognitive impairment, sensory deficits, motor deficits, and disturbances in balance. We must increase our knowledge about HIV-related PML in any patient with reduced immunity and who presented with new onset neurological defect. © 2023, Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine. All rights reserved.