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The Effect of Sodium Benzoate and Nisin on Human Hepg2 Cell Gene Expression; [اثر بنزوات سدیم و نایسین بر بیان ژنی سلولهای 2Hepg انسانی] Publisher



Bandarian F1 ; Razi F2 ; Razzaghi Z3 ; Nejad MR4 ; Arjmand B5, 6 ; Rezaeitavirani M7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. CEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Laser application in medical sciences research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Celiac Disease and Gluten Related Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Iranian Cancer Control Center (MACSA), Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Proteomics Research Center, System Biology Institute, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Applied Food Biotechnology Published:2024


Abstract

Background and Objective: Sodium benzoate is known as a preservative compound with a high safety profile in the food industrial and pharmaceutical field due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties. In the other hand, nisin is a bio-preservative agent. Determining the effect of sodium benzoate on human HepG2 cell gene expression in comparison with nisin is the aim of this study. Material and Methods: The effect of sodium benzoate on gene expression of human HepG2 cells was extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Pre-evaluation analysis via GEO2R confirmed valid analysis. The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and the hubs were screened via a directed regulatory network. The critical hub genes were identified and discussed. The apoptosis-related dysregulated genes of human HepG2 from the literature were assessed among the significant DEGs of sodium benzoate analysis. Results and Conclusion: A total number of 11521 significant DEGs were identified. The PPI network including 4095 recognized DEGs with 208 hub nodes was created. The hubs were assessed via a directed protein network and MAPK1, CCND1, MAPK14, RAF1, KRAS, MAPK3, PIK3CA, SIRT1, EGF, RBX1, FYN, and NIP7 were pointed out as the critical hub genes in response to presence of sodium benzoate. A total of 78 dysregulated genes of nisin analysis (except TNRSF25) had no common genes with significant DEGs of sodium benzoate evaluation. It can be concluded that sodium benzoate and nisin affect essential cellular functions such as cell cycle progression, cell motility and metabolism, cell proliferation, and survival in various manners. It seems wide usage of food preservative agents requires more investigation to guarantee human health maintenance. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. © This open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 License (CC BY-NC 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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