Determinants of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension on Maternal and Foetal Outcomes in Hossana Town Administration, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Babore GO¹ ; Aregago TG¹ ; Ermolo TL¹ ; Nunemo MH² ; Habebo TT³
Source: PLoS ONE Published:2021

Abstract

Background Globally, 292,982 women die due to the complications of pregnancy and childbirth per year, out of those deaths 85% occurs in Sub Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, pre-eclampsia accounts for 11% of direct maternal deaths. Objective To determine maternal and foetal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension among women who gave birth at health facilities in Hossana town administration. Methods Institutional based unmatched case-control study was conducted among women, who gave birth at health facilities from May 20 to October 30, 2018. By using Epi-Info version 7; 207 sample size was estimated, for each case two controls were selected. Two health facilities were selected using a simple random sampling method. Sample sizes for each facility were allocated proportionally. All cleaned and coded data were entered into Epi-info version 3.5.1 and analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of pregnancy-induced hypertension at a p-value of 0.05. Result Women between 18 to 41 years old had participated in the study with the mean age of 26.00 (SD ±4.42), and 25.87(SD ±5.02) for cases and controls respectively. Out of participants 21 (30.4%) among cases and 21(15.2%) among controls had developed at least one complication following delivery. 12 (17.4%) and 8 (5.7%) foetal deaths were found in cases and controls groups respectively whereas 15.6% from cases and 3.6% from controls groups women gave birth to the foetus with intra-uterine growth retardation. Women gravidity AOR = 0.32 [95% CI (0.12 0.86)], Previous history of pregnancy-induced hypertension AOR = 22.50 [95% CI (14.95 16.52)] and educational status AOR = 0.32[95% CI (0.12, 0.85)] were identified as predictor of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Conclusion Women with a previous history of pregnancy-induced hypertension had increased risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension, whilst 3 previous pregnancies and informal educational status decrease odds of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension. © 2021 Public Library of Science. All rights reserved.