Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite

Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite Publisher

Gholami P¹ ; Khataee A^{2, 3, 4} ; Vahid B⁵ ; Karimi A⁶ ; Golizadeh M⁷ ; Ritala M¹

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
2. Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran
3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Turkey
4. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
6. Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran
7. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694, Iran

Source: Separation and Purification Technology Published:2020

Abstract

This research aimed to prepare a recoverable sonophotocatalyst, in which microfibrillated carboxymethyl cellulose (MFC) acted as the Zn-Cu-Mg-mixed metal hydroxide/graphitic carbon nitride (MMH/g-C3N4) carrier. The characteristics of bare and composite sonophotocatalysts were analyzed by the XRD, FT-IR, BET, DRS, PL and FE-SEM equipped with the EDX mapping. The performance of prepared composites (MMH/g-C3N4@MFC) with various weight ratios of the MMH/g-C3N4 was studied for the sonophotocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ) as the model emerging contaminant. 93% of SDZ was degraded using the most effective catalyst (MMH/g-C3N4@MFC3) with 15% weight ratio of the MMH/g-C3N4 under the desired operating conditions including solution pH of 6.5, SDZ concentration of 0.15 mM and ultrasonic power of 300 W. The MMH addition to the g-C3N4 structure increased the separation of charge carriers generated via the visible light or ultrasound irradiations. Moreover, the MMH/g-C3N4 was dispersed uniformly on the MFC and consequently, more active sites were available to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), compared to powder form. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were determined as the main ROS in the SDZ degradation by performing a series of scavenging experiments. Less than 10% decrease in the degradation efficiency of SDZ was observed during five subsequent experiments, which indicated the proper retention of the MMH/g-C3N4 particles in the MFC. The adequate mineralization of SDZ (83% decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD)) was obtained after 200 min of treatment. Eventually, ten degradation intermediates were identified by the GC-MS analysis and a plausible degradation mechanism for the contaminant was proposed. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Gholami P, et al.. "Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite." Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 245, no. , 2020, pp. -.
APA	Gholami P, Khataee A, Vahid B, Karimi A, Golizadeh M, Ritala M (2020). Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite. Separation and Purification Technology, 245(), -.
Chicago	Gholami P, Khataee A, Vahid B, Karimi A, Golizadeh M, Ritala M. "Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite." Separation and Purification Technology 245, no. (2020): -.
Harvard	Gholami P et al. (2020) 'Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite', Separation and Purification Technology, 245(), pp. -.
Vancouver	Gholami P, Khataee A, Vahid B, Karimi A, Golizadeh M, Ritala M. Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020;245():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Gholami P and Khataee A and Vahid B and Karimi A and Golizadeh M and Ritala M}, title = {Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite}, journal = {Separation and Purification Technology}, volume = {245}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2020} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Gholami P AU - Khataee A AU - Vahid B AU - Karimi A AU - Golizadeh M AU - Ritala M TI - Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Sulfadiazine by Integration of Microfibrillated Carboxymethyl Cellulose With Zn-Cu-Mg Mixed Metal Hydroxide/G-C3n4 Composite JO - Separation and Purification Technology VL - 245 IS - SP - EP - PY - 2020 ER -

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