The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century

The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century Publisher Pubmed

Arabian S^{1, 2} ; Sadr M³ ; Ayati MH^{1, 4} ; Ince F⁵ ; Zargaran A¹

Show Affiliations

1. Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Scientific Student Association of History of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Veterinary, Student Scientific Researcher Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Guest Professor, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
5. Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta

Source: Vaccine Published:2025

Abstract

Smallpox is one of the viral and contagious diseases that were always talked about and deadly epidemics that killed many people for many centuries. Through the analysis of historical and textual material, this paper seeks to investigate the smallpox eradication process. It starts with a brief history of smallpox before listing the common methods of eradicating the illness throughout the 16th century. There was a type of traditional oral smallpox vaccination, reported by Baha’ al-Dawlah Razi, a Persian physician in his book, Khulasat al-Tajarib (The Summary of Experiences). This method could be considered the earliest remained report of practical solution to prevent smallpox; at least 3 centuries earlies than smallpox vaccination by Edward Jenner. © 2025

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Arabian S, et al.. "The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century." Vaccine, vol. 52, no. , 2025, pp. -.
APA	Arabian S, Sadr M, Ayati MH, Ince F, Zargaran A (2025). The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century. Vaccine, 52(), -.
Chicago	Arabian S, Sadr M, Ayati MH, Ince F, Zargaran A. "The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century." Vaccine 52, no. (2025): -.
Harvard	Arabian S et al. (2025) 'The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century', Vaccine, 52(), pp. -.
Vancouver	Arabian S, Sadr M, Ayati MH, Ince F, Zargaran A. The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century. Vaccine. 2025;52():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Arabian S and Sadr M and Ayati MH and Ince F and Zargaran A}, title = {The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century}, journal = {Vaccine}, volume = {52}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2025} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Arabian S AU - Sadr M AU - Ayati MH AU - Ince F AU - Zargaran A TI - The Earliest Report of Smallpox Oral Vaccination by Baha’ Al-Dawlah Razi in the 16Th Century JO - Vaccine VL - 52 IS - SP - EP - PY - 2025 ER -

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