Dinitroanilines Publisher



Ataei M^{1, 2} ; Maghsoudi AS^{1, 2} ; Hassani S^{1, 2} Show Affiliations
Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

Dinitroaniline occurs as four isomers: 2,3-dinitroaniline (602-03-9); 2,4-dinitroaniline (97-02-9); 2,6-dinitroaniline (606-22-4); and 3,5-dinitroaniline (618-87-1). Most information pertains to the 2,4- and 2,6- isomers used to synthesize preemergent herbicides, azo dyes, pharmaceuticals, and corrosion inhibitors. Adsorbing to soil colloids, dinitroanilines may persist as soil contaminants. The most notable toxic effect of dinitroanilines is the formation of methemoglobinemia, which results in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. Although limited acute lethality data in animals suggest moderate toxicity for dinitroanilines, quantitative dose-response data are lacking. Definitive data on chronic toxicity and carcinogenic potential are not available. Exposure standards and guidelines for dinitroanilines are unavailable. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.